Gene Details:

• Gene ID: AT2G38440
• Gene Symbol: ATSCAR2, DIS3, ITB1, SCAR2, WAVE4
• Gene Name: SCAR HOMOLOG 2, IRREGULAR TRICHOME BRANCH1, SCAR homolog 2
• Description: SCAR homolog 2;(source:Araport11)
• TAIR Accession: locus:2057155
• Genome: Araport11_genome_release
• Species: Arabidopsis thaliana

Transcripts:

• AT2G38440.1

Plant Ontology Annotations:

• PO:0000037  — shoot axis apex — ápice del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact), シュート頂、茎頂 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0008019  — leaf lamina base — base de la lámina de la hoja (Spanish, exact), 葉身基部 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0009005  — root — raíz (Spanish, exact), radices (exact, plural), radix (exact), 根 (Japanese, exact), aerial root (narrow), climbing root (narrow)
• PO:0009006  — shoot system — sistema de epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish, exact), シュート系、苗条系 (Japanese, exact), Poaceae crown (related), shoot (related), thalli (related), thallus (related), tree crown (narrow)
• PO:0009009  — plant embryo — embrión (Spanish, exact), 植物胚 (Japanese, exact), germ (related), embryo (broad)
• PO:0009025  — vascular leaf — foliage leaf (exact), hoja vascular (Spanish, exact), leaf, vascular (exact), vascular leaves (exact, plural), 維管束のある葉, または維管束植物の葉 (Japanese, exact), crozier (related), macrophyll (related), megaphyll (related), ascidia (narrow), ascidium (narrow), fiddlehead (narrow), frond (narrow), needle-like leaf (narrow), pitcher (narrow), pitcher blade (narrow), pitcher-blade (narrow), scale-like leaf (narrow), sterile frond (narrow), trophophyll (narrow)
• PO:0009029  — stamen — estambre (Spanish, exact), 雄蕊 (Japanese, exact), Poaceae stamen (narrow), Zea stamen (narrow)
• PO:0009031  — sepal — sépalo (Spanish, exact), がく片 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0009046  — flower — flor (Spanish, exact), 花 (Japanese, exact), floret (related), Asteraceae floret (narrow), basal flower (narrow), double flower (narrow), hermaphrodite flower (narrow), monoclinous flower (narrow), perfect flower (narrow)
• PO:0009052  — inflorescence flower pedicel — 小花柄 (Japanese, related), pedicelo (Spanish, broad)
• PO:0020030  — cotyledon — cotiledón (Spanish, exact), seed leaf (exact), 子葉 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0020038  — petiole — pecíolo (Spanish, exact), 葉柄 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0020100  — hypocotyl — hipocótile (Spanish, exact), 胚軸 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0020137  — leaf apex — ápice de la hoja (Spanish, exact), 葉先 (Japanese, exact), leaf lamina apex (narrow), phyllid apex (narrow)
• PO:0025022  — collective leaf structure — estructura colectiva de hoja (Spanish, exact), leaf series (exact), 葉が集まった構造 (Japanese, exact), leaf whorl (narrow), rosette (narrow), cycle (broad), verticil (broad)
• PO:0025281  — pollen — polen (Spanish, exact), pollen grain (exact), 花粉 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0000017  — vascular leaf primordium — leaf primordium (exact), portion of vascular leaf primordium tissue (exact), primordio de hoja (Spanish, exact), vascular leaf primordia (exact, plural), 葉原基 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0006504  — leaf trichome — tricoma de hoja (Spanish, exact), 葉毛（毛茸、糸状体） (Japanese, exact), phyllid trichome (narrow)
• PO:0000013  — cauline leaf — hoja caulinar (Spanish, exact), 茎生葉、茎葉 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0000014  — rosette leaf — hoja en roseta (Spanish, exact), ロゼット葉 (Japanese, exact)
• PO:0009047  — stem — caña (Spanish, exact), culm (exact), eje primario (Spanish, exact), primary axis (exact), primary stem (exact), tallo (Spanish, exact), tronco (Spanish, exact), 茎 (Japanese, exact), bole (narrow), cane (narrow), caudex (narrow), caudices (narrow), core (narrow), primocane (narrow), scape (narrow), stalk (narrow), trunk (narrow)
• PO:0009049  — inflorescence — inflorescencia (Spanish, exact), 花序 (Japanese, exact), Triticeae spike (narrow)

Gene Ontology:

• GO:0030036  — acts upstream of or within — actin cytoskeleton organization
• GO:0005515  — enables — protein binding
• GO:0010090  — acts upstream of or within — trichome morphogenesis
• GO:0005737  — located in — cytoplasm
• GO:2000601  — involved in — positive regulation of Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation
• GO:0031209  — part of — SCAR complex
• GO:0010091  — acts upstream of or within — trichome branching
• GO:0030036  — involved in — actin cytoskeleton organization
• GO:0034237  — enables — protein kinase A regulatory subunit binding
• GO:0098609  — acts upstream of or within — cell-cell adhesion
• GO:0071933  — enables — Arp2/3 complex binding
• GO:0051127  — acts upstream of or within — positive regulation of actin nucleation
• GO:0045010  — acts upstream of or within — actin nucleation

Germplasm Phenotype:

• SALK_036419  — Mutant plants showed irregularities in trichome branch positioning and expansion.
• SALK_039449  — Mutant plants showed irregularities in trichome branch positioning and expansion.
• SALK_124023  — Mutant plants showed irregularities in trichome branch positioning and expansion.
• asb1  — Altered trichome morphology
• itb1-1  — Mutant plants showed irregularities in trichome branch positioning and expansion. Disruption of actin and microtubule cytoskeleton organization was observed.
• itb1-16  — Mutant plants showed irregularities in trichome branch positioning and expansion. Disruption of actin and microtubule cytoskeleton organization was observed.
• itb1-2  — Mutant plants showed irregularities in trichome branch positioning and expansion
• itb1-5  — Mutant plants showed irregularities in trichome branch positioning and expansion
• itb1-7  — Mutant plants showed irregularities in trichome branch positioning and expansion
• scar2-1  — Dark-grown mutant lines occasionally exhibit severe cell expansion and adherence defects such that in some instances cells tear out of the epidermal tissue layer and bend away from the surface.
• scar2-1  — The mutants showed well-developed epidermal lobes and no significant difference with regart to the pavement cell complexity compared to wild type.
• scar2-1  — Weak distorted phenotype reminiscent of arp2-arp3 complex mutant trichomes: branches of mutant trichomes are often twisted and variable in length.
• scar2-2  — Dark-grown mutant lines occasionally exhibit severe cell expansion and adherence defects such that in some instances cells tear out of the epidermal tissue layer and bend away from the surface.
• scar2-2  — The mutants showed well-developed epidermal lobes and no significant difference with regart to the pavement cell complexity compared to wild type.
• scar2-2  — Weak distorted phenotype reminiscent of arp2-arp3 complex mutant trichomes: branches of mutant trichomes are often twisted and variable in length.
• scar2-3  — Dark-grown mutant lines occasionally exhibit severe cell expansion and adherence defects such that in some instances cells tear out of the epidermal tissue layer and bend away from the surface.
• scar2-3  — The mutants showed well-developed epidermal lobes and no significant difference with regart to the pavement cell complexity compared to wild type.
• scar2-3  — Weak distorted phenotype reminiscent of arp2-arp3 complex mutant trichomes: branches of mutant trichomes are often twisted and variable in length.

Function-related keywords:

• shoot axis apex ,  leaf lamina base ,  root ,  shoot system ,  plant embryo ,  vascular leaf ,  stamen ,  sepal ,  flower ,  inflorescence flower pedicel ,  cotyledon ,  petiole ,  hypocotyl ,  leaf apex ,  collective leaf structure ,  pollen ,  vascular leaf primordium ,  leaf trichome ,  cauline leaf ,  rosette leaf ,  root ,  stem ,  inflorescence ,  cotyledon

Literature:

• NAPP and PIRP encode subunits of a putative wave regulatory protein complex involved in plant cell morphogenesis.   DOI:  10.1105/tpc.104.023739 ;  PMID:  15316111
• Breaking the WAVE complex: the point of Arabidopsis trichomes.   DOI:  10.1016/j.pbi.2004.11.004 ;  PMID:  15653407
• IRREGULAR TRICHOME BRANCH1 in Arabidopsis encodes a plant homolog of the actin-related protein2/3 complex activator Scar/WAVE that regulates actin and microtubule organization.   DOI:  10.1105/tpc.104.028670 ;  PMID:  16006582
• The IRREGULAR TRICHOME BRANCH loci regulate trichome elongation in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1093/pcp/pci168 ;  PMID:  16043432
• The role of Arabidopsis SCAR genes in ARP2-ARP3-dependent cell morphogenesis.   DOI:  10.1242/dev.02792 ;  PMID:  17267444
• Arabidopsis SCARs function interchangeably to meet actin-related protein 2/3 activation thresholds during morphogenesis.   DOI:  10.1105/tpc.107.055350 ;  PMID:  18424615
• Transcriptional profiling of mature Arabidopsis trichomes reveals that NOECK encodes the MIXTA-like transcriptional regulator MYB106.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.108.126979 ;  PMID:  18805951
• Transcriptome analysis of Arabidopsis wild-type and gl3-sst sim trichomes identifies four additional genes required for trichome development.   DOI:  10.1093/mp/ssp037 ;  PMID:  19626137
• Systematic identification of functional plant modules through the integration of complementary data sources.   DOI:  10.1104/pp.112.196725 ;  PMID:  22589469
• Endogenous Arabidopsis messenger RNAs transported to distant tissues.   DOI:  10.1038/nplants.2015.25 ;  PMID:  27247031
• ARP2/3-independent WAVE/SCAR pathway and class XI myosin control sperm nuclear migration in flowering plants.   DOI:  10.1073/pnas.2015550117 ;  PMID:  33288691
• Spatial and temporal localization of SPIRRIG and WAVE/SCAR reveal roles for these proteins in actin-mediated root hair development.   DOI:  10.1093/plcell/koab115 ;  PMID:  33881536
• Arabidopsis NAP1 is essential for Arp2/3-dependent trichome morphogenesis.   DOI:  10.1016/j.cub.2004.06.065 ;  PMID:  15296761
• DISTORTED3/SCAR2 is a putative arabidopsis WAVE complex subunit that activates the Arp2/3 complex and is required for epidermal morphogenesis.   DOI:  10.1105/tpc.104.027987 ;  PMID:  15659634
• Arabidopsis BRICK1/HSPC300 is an essential WAVE-complex subunit that selectively stabilizes the Arp2/3 activator SCAR2.   DOI:  10.1016/j.cub.2006.03.061 ;  PMID:  16584883
• Quantitative phosphoproteomics of early elicitor signaling in Arabidopsis.   DOI:  10.1074/mcp.M600429-MCP200 ;  PMID:  17317660
• The role of Arabidopsis SCAR genes in ARP2-ARP3-dependent cell morphogenesis.   DOI:  10.1242/dev.02792 ;  PMID:  17267444
• Arabidopsis SCARs function interchangeably to meet actin-related protein 2/3 activation thresholds during morphogenesis.   DOI:  10.1105/tpc.107.055350 ;  PMID:  18424615

Sequence: